When you enter into an agreement to purchase a house, how do you clinch the deal so that it is certain to go through? Is believing that the seller will honour the agreement sufficient? No. Is accepting the agreement sufficient? No. Is making a down payment sufficient? No. Is putting your trust in the seller to honour his word sufficient? No.
The thing that clinches the deal is the âoutward formalityâ of signing the agreement. That and only that will clinch the deal. So it is with baptism. You can believe that Christ will save you. You can accept Him. You can commit your time and money to his service. You can trust Christ to honour His word. But none of these things âclinch the dealâ. Only baptism does that. Even non-Christians understand this. In many countries, a person from another religion can attend Christian meetings, believe what they teach, spend time and money in the church, or virtually any other activity except being baptized. If they are baptized, they face the possibility of being killed and the certainty of being ostracized by their family.
The early Christians definitely believed that baptism was not only necessary, but was the moment when a person was regenerated. Outwardly he simply went down into the water. But inwardly, he died to his former nature, and was regenerated.
He saved us, not because of deeds done by us in righteousness, but in virtue of his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal in the Holy Spirit. Titus 3:5
I realize that many do not interpret âthe washing of regenerationâ as baptism. But in what other sense would regeneration be called a âwashingâ? Here is a passage from Justin Martyrâs (110 â 165 A.D) First Apology or explanation of the way of Christians to the Roman emperor Augustus Caesar:
I will also relate the manner in which we dedicated ourselves to God when
were being made new through Christ; lest, if we omit this, we seem to be
unfair in the explanation we are making. As many as are persuaded and
believe that what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live
accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting, for the
remission of their sins that are past, we praying and fasting with them.
Then they are brought by us where there is water, and are regenerated in
the same manner in which we were ourselves regenerated. For, in the name
of God, the Father and Lord of the universe, and of our Savior Jesus
Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, they then receive the washing with water.
For Christ also said, âExcept ye be born again, ye shall not enter into the
kingdom of heaven. Now, that it is impossible for those who have once
been born to enter into their mothersâ wombs, is manifest to all. And how
those who have sinned and repent shall escape their sins, is declared by
Esaias the prophet, as I wrote above; he thus speaks: âWash you, make
you clean; put away the evil of your doings from your souls; learn to do
well; judge the fatherless, and plead for the widow: and come and let us
reason together, saith the Lord. And though your sins be as scarlet, I will
make them white like wool; and though they be as crimson, I will make
them white as snow. But if ye refuse and rebel, the sword shall devour
you: for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.â
And for this we have learned from the apostles this reason. Since at
our birth we were born without our own knowledge or choice, by our
parents coming together, and were brought up in bad habits and wicked
training; in order that we may not remain the children of necessity and of
ignorance, but may become the children of choice and knowledge, and may
obtain in the water the remission of sins formerly committed, there is
pronounced over him who chooses to be born again, and has repented of
his sins, the name of God the Father and Lord of the universe; he who
leads to the laver the person that is to be washed calling him by this name
alone.
Baptism ⊠now saves you ⊠1Peter 3:21
Peter is not saying that the ritual of baptism saves, but that true baptism which includes repentance and submission to Christ saves, and provides a clear conscience.
He who believes and is baptized will be saved⊠Mark 16:16
While it is possible that the above passage was not in the original memoir of Mark, whoever wrote it, did not seem to think believing was sufficient, or he would not have added âand is baptizedâ.
When did the apostle Paul have his sins washed away? Was it at the time he had the vision of Christ, and was told by Christ what to do? No. By his own account, it was at the time of his baptism. Cornelius had said to him:
And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized, and wash away your sins, calling on his name.â Acts 22:16
When Peter told the gathered Jews that they had put to death Godâs Messiah, and they were cut to the heart, that was a special moment when they were open to evangelism. Did Peter haul out the four spiritual laws, or ask them to accept Christ as their personal Saviour? No, he said:
Let all the house of Israel therefore know assuredly that God has made him both Lord and Messiah, this Jesus whom you crucified." Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, âBrethren, what shall we do?â And Peter said to them, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forsaking of your sins; and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. Acts 2:36-38
It was the same message that John the baptizer had given. Repent and be baptized for the forsaking of your sins. Jesus, too, called for repentance, and those who followed Him and entered into the Kingdom, were baptized by His disciples.
Paul also taught in Romans 6, that those who have been baptized into Christ were buried by baptism into death. Our old self was crucified so that we might no longer be enslaved to sin. So again, baptism is the way salvation from sin is clinched.
Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life. For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him so that the sinful body might be destroyed, and we might no longer be enslaved to sin. For he who has died is freed from sin. Romans 6:3-7
Again, I realize that some spiritualize the baptism mentioned in this passage. I believe the passage speaks of regular baptism.